Speakers
Description
Planning tools are becoming increasingly digital (e.g. Bielik et al., 2021; Streich, 2011). But there are still several gaps between analysis tools (mainly with GIS, but also CAD) and design tools (mainly with visualization programs or CAD). At the same time, demographic and other social data as well as spatial data are increasingly differentiated and available at different scales (e.g. Liao et al., 2018; Statistisches Bundesamt, 2022). For this reason, it is important to create a comprehensive planning tool, in our case a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), in which the various data and planning tools merge with one another.
One of the aims of spatial planning is to best meet the needs of different population groups and to promote a high quality of life. To do this, planners need to have a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the existing situation and local demand trends. There are already several software applications that can be used to perform insightful analyses of different topics such as population development (e.g. SPSS, R, GIS), infrastructure facilities (e.g. GIS, AutoCAD, InfraWorks) or building typologies (e.g. GIS, UrbanSim, Revit). However, they are often complicated to use, expensive or difficult to configure individually.
This article examines the requirements that local authorities and planners place on a SDSS, as well as its capabilities and limitations. Based on the results of the literature review, the analysis of different use cases and the results of requirements workshops in the model communities as part of the Ageing Smart research project, a number of insights have been gained, e.g. on the consequences of demographic change for social infrastructures. The Ageing Smart project is funded by the Carl Zeiss Foundation.
An analysis of different applications such as the geographic information systems QGis and ArcGIS Pro or decision support systems such as DaviPlan shows, that the range of possible applications is very broad and that the way they are used varies. For example, more expensive applications often already include basic data such as settlement structures and transport networks, usually in good quality. Free applications usually require users to import this data themselves.
In addition, integrated urban development concepts are not prepared in such a way that the results can be easily integrated into a SDSS. However, in many cases this could be changed by making minor adjustments during the preparation process. A standardized approach to the “basic data equipment” of municipalities would also be extremely important. In the case study of the city of Mannheim, we analyzed, how analysis tools, planning instruments and design concepts could better fit together in the future – to create a comprehensive and effective planning tool for city administrations and decision-makers.
The use of decision support systems is essential for a good, needs-based planning. However, users need to be aware that using them is not enough. They serve as a tool for planners to prepare decisions that can then be evaluated by committees and citizens. In the future, such systems will become much more important for a comprehensive and integrated urban development.
References
Bielik, Martin et. al (2021): Digitale adaptive Masterpläne mittels künstlicher Intelligenz. Vorausschauende Planung mithilfe parametrischer Modelle und computergestützter räumlicher Analysemethoden. In: RaumPlanung, 2021-2, Vol. 211. Geodaten: Aktuelle Praxis und Nutzungsmöglichkeiten. p. 70-75.
Liao, Chuan et al. (2018) : Big data-enabled social sensing in spatial analysis: Potentials and pitfalls. In: Transactions in GIS, 2018-12, Vol. 22(6), p.1351-1371.
Statistisches Bundesamt (2022): Was ist neu beim Zensus 2022? Pressemitteilung Nr. 10 vom 30. März 2022. Wiesbaden. [Online] available at: https://www.zensus2022.de/DE/Aktuelles/PM_Was_ist_neu_beim_Zensus.html (14.01.2025).
Streich, Bernd (2011): Stadtplanung in der Wissensgesellschaft: Ein Handbuch. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften GmbH.
| Keywords | Integrated urban planning; Planning tools; Site planning; Decision Support System |
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