Speaker
Description
Urban planning can affect respiratory health. Due to industrial and mining pollution, unique spatial structure, etc., the built environment factors of coal resource-based cities have special impact paths on respiratory health. Lung cancer is one of the cancers with the highest incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Qujing, located in the eastern part of Yunnan Province, China, is dominated by the coal mining industry. Since the survey in the 1970s, it has been the area with the highest incidence of lung cancer in China. Compared with the national average, the standardized mortality rate is 3 times that of men and 5 times that of women. Existing studies are mostly centered on the field of epidemiology, among which there are few studies on spatial influencing factors and the research indicators are single. This study aims to explore the spatial influencing factors of lung cancer in resource-based towns in eastern Yunnan and propose corresponding spatial intervention measures.
We used a case-control study based on individual data, interviewed 100 lung cancer patients and 100 healthy people in two local hospitals, and obtained individual-level influencing factors through questionnaires. Non-spatial factors such as smoking history were controlled as confounding factors; spatial influencing factors such as migration history and residential environment history were the core content of the study. On this basis, we used supervised classification methods in ENVI5.6 to identify remote sensing images from Landsat and extract pollution sources such as mining land and industrial land. Wind environment simulation was performed in Wind Perfect DX to construct the spatial relationship between residence and the location of pollution sources. Spatial statistics were performed in ArcGIS to compare the relative differences in spatial distribution between the case group and the control group. Individual matching was established according to gender and age (±2 years) in SPSS29, and the exposure ratio in the case group and the control group was compared using a non-conditional Logistic regression model.
We found that the case group and the control group were distributed in different hot spots; Ripley's K function showed that the case group had the highest degree of aggregation at 2 km, and the control group had the highest degree of aggregation at 5 km. The relationship between the upwind direction and downwind distance of the residence and the pollution source, as well as the ventilation conditions, are associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Living within 600 meters of a coal mine increases the risk of disease by about 4 times, and the risk is even higher downwind of a coal mine. Living in a civil structure house for more than 30 years and using more than 100 tons of bituminous coal increases the risk of disease by about 3 times. The size and morphology of the settlement and the ventilation conditions in the houses can affect the diffusion of pollutants, although not significantly, but showing a certain trend. However, macro indicators such as NDVI, distance to roads of various levels, and land fragmentation were not significant in the study and did not show trend characteristics. Our study provides a basis for promoting the implementation of health equity planning at the meso and micro levels.
| Keywords | Resource-based cities; Lung cancer; Case-control study; Residence history; Health equity |
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| Best Congress Paper Award | No |
