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Urban vitality, as a key indicator of urban development, has long been a central concern in urban planning. Jacobs suggests that 24-hour human activity is the foundation of vitality, and urban diversity is the key factor in shaping this vitality (Jacobs, 1989). Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of urban vitality and the role of diversity is crucial for enhancing vitality, fostering economic prosperity, and improving residents' well-being.
This study conducts an empirical analysis of Shanghai to explore the relationship between diversity across different dimensions and block-scale vitality. Existing research suggests that vitality distribution is influenced by urban morphology(Li et al., 2022). However, most studies focus on static urban vitality analysis, lacking an in-depth exploration of its spatiotemporal dynamics. This study aims to address the gap by exploring the temporal and spatial dimensions of vitality through a multi-faceted analysis. It specifically focuses on two key questions: how urban diversity relates to spatiotemporal vitality patterns, and to what extent different dimensions of diversity influence vitality.
This study employs multi-source data to measure urban diversity indicators and spatiotemporal vitality. Building upon an extension and scale adaptation of Jacobs' classic theory, the research dissects diversity into three dimensions: demographic, urban form, and functional diversity. To analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of vitality, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) clustering is applied, effectively capturing temporal relationships and similarities in vitality (Petitjean, Ketterlin and Gançarski, 2011). Additionally, nonlinear machine learning methods are used to quantify the relationship between diversity indicators and vitality stability, identifying key indicators and their thresholds that influence vitality.
The results indicate a complex nonlinear relationship between diversity characteristics across different dimensions and spatiotemporal vitality. Overall, increased diversity contributes to maintaining high vitality, consistent with classical theory. The study also finds that functional diversity exhibits a threshold effect, with varying threshold characteristics observed across different urban zones in Shanghai.
This study validates Jacobs' classical theory, and incorporating the temporal dimension and providing a quantitative analysis of influence thresholds. It not only provides empirical support for the classical theory in the context of modern urban planning but also advances the theoretical understanding of the shift in urban planning from subjective design to scientific analysis.The findings lay a theoretical foundation for the balanced allocation of resources and the optimization of urban spatial structure, thereby contributing to the development of vibrant, diverse, and sustainable urban environments.
References
Jacobs, J. (1989) The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group.
Li, X. et al. (2022) ‘The six dimensions of built environment on urban vitality: Fusion evidence from multi-source data’, Cities, 121, p. 103482. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103482.
Petitjean, F., Ketterlin, A. and Gançarski, P. (2011) ‘A global averaging method for dynamic time warping, with applications to clustering’, Pattern Recognition, 44(3), pp. 678–693. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2010.09.013.
| Keywords | Urban Diversity ; Spatiotemporal Vitality ; Urban morphology |
|---|---|
| Best Congress Paper Award | No |
